PublicationsOverview PublicationsOverview

Publications Overview

OI Reader
OI Books
PublicationsWilliam and Mary QuarterlyPast TOCsJanuary 2001 – Walsh

Third Series, Volume LVIII
January 2001

Transcription Digital Projects
“The Chesapeake Slave Trade: Regional Patterns, African Origins, and Some Implications.”
By Lorena S. Walsh.

Appendix: A Note on the Chesapeake Slave Trade Database

Table A1: Coastal Origins of Africans Imported into the Chesapeake, 1698–1774

 
Years Total Total African Region of Origin Total Percent
  African Slaves Known Origin Senegambia Sierra Leone Windward & Gold Coast Bight of Benin Bight of Biafra West-central Africa Madagascar With Known Origin
YORK NAVAL DISTRICT
1698-1703 1,481 209 0% 0% 0% 0% 56% 44% 0% 100% 14%
1704-1718 3,951 1,752 0% 5% 23% 14% 58% 0% 0% 100% 44%
1719-1730 10,849 8,239 4% 1% 16% 0% 62% 8% 9% 100% 76%
1731-1745 11,362 6,563 7% 0% 4% 0% 47% 42% 0% 100% 58%
1746-1760 3,709 3,308 13% 0% 15% 0% 44% 28% 0% 100% 89%
1761-1774 255 191 19% 0% 81% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% 75%
Total 31,607 20,262 6% 1% 13% 1% 53% 22% 4% 100% 64%
UPPER JAMES NAVAL DISTRICT
1704-1718 92 42 0% 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% 46%
1731-1745 3,217 1,537 51% 0% 0% 0% 49% 0% 0% 100% 48%
1746-1760 5,408 4,899 6% 9% 7% 0% 65% 13% 0% 100% 91%
1761-1774 6,622 5,652 13% 0% 26% 6% 19% 36% 0% 100% 85%
Total 15,339 12,130 15% 4% 15% 3% 41% 22% 0% 100% 79%
SOUTH POTOMAC NAVAL DISTRICT
1704-1718 105 0 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
1731-1745 1,169 566 88% 0% 0% 0% 0% 12% 0% 100% 48%
1746-1760 277 277 29% 0% 0% 0% 71% 0% 0% 100% 100%
1761-1774 143 143 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% 100%
Total 1,694 986 73% 0% 0% 0% 20% 7% 0% 100% 58%
RAPPAHANNOCK NAVAL DISTRICT 
1704-1718 813 813 75% 0% 0% 0% 25% 0% 0% 100% 100%
1719-1730 2,743 1,470 0% 0% 10% 0% 58% 0% 32% 100% 54%
1731-1745 3,157 1,169 89% 0% 0% 0% 11% 0% 0% 100% 37%
1746-1760 957 821 35% 24% 0% 0% 0% 41% 0% 100% 86%
1761-1774 2,052 1,835 24% 22% 32% 10% 6% 7% 0% 101% 89%
Total 9,722 6,108 39% 10% 12% 3% 21% 8% 8% 101% 63%
LOWER JAMES NAVAL DISTRICT
1704-1718 157 0 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
1719-1730 94 0 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
1731-1745 465 266 40% 0% 0% 0% 60% 0% 0% 100% 57%
1746-1760 356 184 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% 52%
1761-1774 264 73 18% 0% 82% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% 28%
Total 1,336 523 58% 0% 11% 0% 31% 0% 0% 100% 39%
VIRGINIA, DISTRICT UNKNOWN
1698-1703 181 181 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% 0% 0% 100% 100%
1704-1718 4,537 1,948 24% 0% 6% 0% 70% 0% 0% 100% 43%
1719-1730 203 203 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% 0% 100% 100%
1731-1745 140 0 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
1746-1760 1,189 951 0% 0% 13% *  34% 53% 0% 100% 80%
1761-1774 427 337 0% 0% 26% 0% 74% 0% 0% 100% 79%
Total 6,677 3,620 13% 0% 9% *  59% 19% 0% 100% 54%
MARYLAND
1698-1703 2,117 0 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
1704-1718 2,055 843 31% 13% 33% 0% 24% 0% 0% 101% 41%
1719-1730 481 281 0% 43% 57% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% 58%
1731-1745 957 567 54% 0% 0% 0% 0% 46% 0% 100% 59%
1746-1760 2,368 2,185 16% 0% 23% 0% 11% 51% 0% 101% 92%
1761-1773 2,335 2,072 55% 0% 24% 0% 5% 15% 0% 99% 88%
Total 10,313 5,948 35% 4% 24% 0% 9% 28% 0% 100% 57%
Sources: See the appendix. *= less than 1%

 

Table A2: Number of Ships and Slaves Arriving in Chesapeake Naval Districts, Reported Numbers Only

Shipper’s Naval District York Rappahannock South Potomac Upper James Lower James District Unknown Total Maryland  
Port of Origin # of Ships # of Slaves # of Ships # of Slaves # of Ships # of Slaves # of Ships # of Slaves # of Ships # of Slaves # of Ships # of Slaves # of Ships # of Slaves # of Ships # of Slaves
1704-1718
London 11 1,350+ 1 12 0 0 2 ?# 2 ?# 1 181 15 1,605+ 32 3,148+
Bristol 2 131 3 4+ 3 10+ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 145+
Liverpool 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
Other Britain 0 0 3 8+ 1 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 17+
Own Colony 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 2+ 1 ?# 0 0 0 0 6 2+
Other Plantations 0 0 2 4 1 2 2 13+ 0 0 0 0 2 1+ 7 20+
West Indies 1 ?# 1 16 0 0 2 ?# 1 ?# 0 0 1 55 6 71+
Unknown 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 29 591 29 591
Total 14 1,481+ 11 45+ 5 21+ 11 15+ 4 ?# 1 181 47 2,252+ 93 3,995+
1704-1718
London 21 2,589 2 166 2 85 2 51 2 23 20 3,549+ 16 2,055 65 8,719+
Bristol 12 1,305 9 636 0 0 0 0 3 190 4 598 0 0 28 2,528
Liverpool 5 248 4 111 0 0 0 0 2 42 0 0 0 0 11 401
Other Britain 1 1 2 2 3 37 0 0 3 5 0 0 1 ?# 10 45+
Own Colony 3 4 2 9 2 35 4 54 26 175 0 0 0 0 37 277
Other Plantation 3 75 0 0 1 1 5 22 17 112 0 0 0 0 26 210
West Indies 5 147 3 3 0 0 4 39 9 181 0 0 1 71 22 441
Unknown 1 1 0 0 7 16 0 0 2 15 2 390 0 0 12 422
Total 51 4,370 22 927 15 174 15 166 64 743 26 4,537+ 18 2,126+ 211 13,043+
1719-1730
London 17 2,615 1 466 0 0 1 8 1 94 1 203 10 360+ 31 3,746+
Bristol 47 7,679 11 1,709 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 ?# 1 ?# 66 9,388+
Liverpool 2 13 5 594 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 607
Other Britain 1 2 1 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 6
Own Colony 8 635 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 31 0 0 0 0 14 666
Other Plantations 1 1 1 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 251 7 264
West Indies 3 66 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 58 0 0 0 0 6 124
Unknown 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total 79 11,011 19 2,785 0 0 1 8 10 183 8 203+ 16 611+ 133 14,801+
1731-1745
London 7 1,470 1 273 0 0 6 789 5 83 0 0 3 ?# 22 2,615+
Bristol 42 9,058 8 1,771 1 150 9 1,480 2 359 3 140+ 9 419+ 74 13,377+
Liverpool 6 812 8 1,113 8 1,019 6 850 2 41 2 ?# 5 449 37 4,284+
Other Britain 0 0 5 26 0 0 1 2 4 121 0 0 0 0 10 149
Own Colony 15 104 2 9 0 0 8 35 140 922 0 0 1 89 166 1,159
Other Plantation 5 64 1 20 0 0 10 102 33 292 0 0 3 57 52 535
West Indies 5 30 0 0 0 0 13 141 81 615 0 0 0 0 99 786
Unknown 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 6 0 0 0 0 1 50 2 56
Total 80 11,538 25 3,212 9 1,169 54 3,405 267 2,433 5 140+ 22 1,064+ 462 22,961+
 
1746-1760
London 2 213 0 0 1 80 1 2 5 214 1 ?# 6 827+ 16 1,336+
Bristol 9 1,831+ 1 223 0 0 18 4,643+ 2 22 4 1,066+ 2 241 36 8,026+
Liverpool 8 1,360+ 5 492 0 0 2 433 3 97 5 123+ 9 1,201+ 32 3,706+
Other Britain 1 203 3 269 2 46 1 70 2 2+ 1 ?# 1 4 11 594+
Own Colony 8 69 3 93 1 197 2 161 47 629 0 0 18 158 79 1,307
Other Plantation 0 0 1 2 1 50 2 260 6 65 0 0 24 378 34 755
West Indies 5 218 0 0 7 107 2 6 18 84 0 0 10 64 42 479
Unknown 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 31 3 31
Total 33 3,894+ 13 1,079 12 480 28 5,575+ 83 1,113+ 11 1,189+ 73 2,904+ 253 16,234+
1761-1774
London 1 37 2 174 0 0 0 0 1 5 1 ?# 15 962+ 20 1,178+
Bristol 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 3,932 0 0 0 0 2 258 14 4,190
Liverpool 1 154 12 1,754+ 1 30 11 2,110 3 64 3 250+ 7 872 38 5,234+
Other Britain 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 ?# 0 0 1 40 1 6 3 46
Own Colony 2 9 2 8 4 121 3 151 55 669 0 0 11 54 77 1,012
Other Plantation 2 65 4 125+ 2 21 11 458 3 40 4 177+ 12 245 38 1,131+
West Indies 1 16 0 0 1 42 0 0 27 319 0 0 14 160 43 537
Unknown 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 59 1 5 0 0 29 206+ 35 270+
Total 7 281 20 2,061+ 8 214 43 6,710+ 90 1,102 9 467+ 91 2,763+ 268 13,598+
All Years 264 32,575+ 110 10,109+ 49 2,058+ 152 15,879+ 518 5,574+ 60 6,717+ 267 11,720+ 1420 84,632+
Source: See appendix.
Notes:
   1. Lower James includes Accomac.
   2. Other Plantation = other mainland plantatio Number